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Adolescent medicine
Adolescent marks the
transition from childhood to adulthood. It is the time
of dramatic physical and psychological changes. During
the adolescent period the status of individual is vague
and there is confusion regarding the role they are
expected to play. Adolescence is a time of exploration
and experimentation. Adolescents represent a positive
force in society, now and for the future. They face
dangers more complex than previous generations faced,
and often with less support. The development needs of
adolescents are a matter for the whole of civil society.
Health services play a specific role in preventing
health problems and responding to them. Many changes are
needed in order for health services to become adolescent
friendly.
"Adolescence
for some a
time of play,
for some a
time of work,
for most a
period of optimism,
but
for some a time of dashed hopes."
Who are adolescents:
The World Health
Organization had defined adolescence as the age group of
10-19 years. Approximately 1/5th of the world’s
population consists of adolescents and with more than
4/5th in the developing countries. In our country there
are an estimated 200 million adolescents, comprising
one-fifth of the total population.
Adolescence is a journey
from the world of the child to the world of the adult.
It is a time of physical and emotional change as the
body matures and the mind becomes more questioning and
independent. Adolescents are no longer children, but not
yet adults, and this period of change is full of
paradox. Adolescents can seem old beyond their years,
but need adult support. They can put themselves at risk
without thinking through the consequences; display
optimism and curiosity, quickly followed by dismay and
depression. Biologically, they can become mothers and
fathers, without being ready for the responsibility.
They feel a growing sense of independence, but depend on
adults for their material needs.
Types of Adolescents: Adolescence has been arbitrarily divided into three
periods. 1. EARLY ADOLESCENCE
In girls, it extends from 11-13 years and in boys from 12-14 years of age. It
starts with the onset of puberty and the adolescent becomes more concerned with
developing body. 2. MIDDLE ADOLESCENCE
In boys, it is observed over 14-17 years of age while in girls from 13.16 years
of age. During this phase of development they have major conflicts regarding and
explore their ability to attract opposite sex.
3. LATE ADOLESCENCE
In males, it ranges from
17-20 years of age and in females from 16-20 years. By
now body image and gender role definition is secured.
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